<!DOCTYPE METADATA PUBLIC "-//FGDC//DTD METADATA 2.0//EN">
<metadata>
 <idinfo>
  <citation>
   <citeinfo>
    <origin>Audubon New York</origin>
    <pubdate>Unknown</pubdate>
    <title>New York Grassland Bird Surveys</title>
    <onlink>http://ny.audubon.org/BirdSci_Grassland.html</onlink>
   </citeinfo>
  </citation>
  <descript>
   <abstract>Audubon New York, with support from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC), is coordinating a comprehensive grassland bird conservation effort in New York State.  These grassland bird surveys are the first step in the data collection portion of what is intended to be an adaptive management process.</abstract>
   <purpose>The primary objective of this effort is to stabilize or reverse the declining trends of New York&apos;s grassland birds.</purpose>
  </descript>
  <timeperd>
   <timeinfo>
    <rngdates>
     <begdate>2005</begdate>
     <enddate>2008</enddate>
    </rngdates>
   </timeinfo>
   <current>ground condition</current>
  </timeperd>
  <status>
   <progress>Complete</progress>
   <update>Unknown</update>
  </status>
  <spdom>
   <descgeog>
    Throughout New York. Especially eight focus areas:
    1)  Western New York;
    2)  Southern Tier;
    3)  Finger Lakes Region;
    4)  Central Leatherstocking Region and the Mohawk River Valley;
    5)  St. Lawrence River Valley;
    6)  Ft. Edward Grasslands IBA;
    7)  Shawangunk Grasslands;
    8)  Central Long Island (including portions of the Long Island Pine Barrens).
   </descgeog>
   <bounding>
    <westbc>-79.80</westbc>
    <eastbc>-71.75</eastbc>
    <northbc>45.10</northbc>
    <southbc>40.50</southbc>
   </bounding>
  </spdom>
  <keywords>
   <theme>
    <themekt>None</themekt>
    <themekey>grassland</themekey>
    <themekey>distribution</themekey>
    <themekey>abundance index</themekey>
   </theme>
   <place>
    <placekt>None</placekt>
    <placekey>United States</placekey>
    <placekey>USA</placekey>
    <placekey>U.S.</placekey>
    <placekey>New York</placekey>
    <placekey>NY</placekey>
   </place>
   <temporal>
    <tempkt>None</tempkt>
    <tempkey>breeding season</tempkey>
    <tempkey>May</tempkey>
    <tempkey>June</tempkey>
    <tempkey>July</tempkey>
   </temporal>
  </keywords>
  <taxonomy>
   <keywtax>
    <taxonkt>None</taxonkt>
    <taxonkey>multiple species</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>birds</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Northern Harrier</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Upland Sandpiper</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Short-eared Owl</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Sedge Wren</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Henslow&apos;s Sparrow</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Grasshopper Sparrow</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Bobolink</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Loggerhead Shrike</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Horned Lark</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Vesper Sparrow</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Eastern Meadowlark</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>Savannah Sparrow</taxonkey>
   </keywtax>
   <taxonsys>
    <classsys>
     <classcit>
      <citeinfo>
       <origin>American Ornithologists&apos; Union</origin>
       <pubdate>1998</pubdate>
       <title>Check-list of North American Birds</title>
       <edition>Seventh</edition>
       <geoform>book</geoform>
       <onlink>http://www.aou.org/checklist/index.php3</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
     </classcit>
     <classmod>The check-list is revised and updated on an annual basis by the American Ornithologists&apos; Union. Revisions are published in The Auk.</classmod>
    </classsys>
    <taxonpro>Observers have pre-existing knowledge of bird identification or they use published field guides.</taxonpro>
   </taxonsys>
   <taxongen>Grassland birds.</taxongen>
   <taxoncl>
    <taxonrn>Kingdom</taxonrn>
    <taxonrv>Animalia</taxonrv>
    <common>animals</common>
    <taxoncl>
     <taxonrn>Phylum</taxonrn>
     <taxonrv>Chordata</taxonrv>
     <common>chordates</common>
     <taxoncl>
      <taxonrn>Subphylum</taxonrn>
      <taxonrv>Vertebrata</taxonrv>
      <common>vertebrates</common>
      <taxoncl>
       <taxonrn>Class</taxonrn>
       <taxonrv>Aves</taxonrv>
       <common>birds</common>
       <taxoncl>
        <taxonrn>Order</taxonrn>
        <taxonrv>Falconiformes</taxonrv>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Accipitridae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Circus</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>cyaneus</taxonrv>
           <common>Northern Harrier</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
       </taxoncl>
       <taxoncl>
        <taxonrn>Order</taxonrn>
        <taxonrv>Charadriiformes</taxonrv>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Scolopacidae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Bartramia</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>longicauda</taxonrv>
           <common>Upland Sandpiper</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
       </taxoncl>
       <taxoncl>
        <taxonrn>Order</taxonrn>
        <taxonrv>Strigiformes</taxonrv>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Strigidae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Asio</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>flammeus</taxonrv>
           <common>Short-eared Owl</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
       </taxoncl>
       <taxoncl>
        <taxonrn>Order</taxonrn>
        <taxonrv>Passeriformes</taxonrv>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Laniidae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Lanius</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>ludovicianus</taxonrv>
           <common>Loggerhead Shrike</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Alaudidae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Eremophila</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>alpestris</taxonrv>
           <common>Horned Lark</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Troglodytidae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Cistothorus</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>platensis</taxonrv>
           <common>Sedge Wren</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Emberizidae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Pooecetes</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>gramineus</taxonrv>
           <common>Vesper Sparrow</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Passerculus</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>sandwichensis</taxonrv>
           <common>Savannah Sparrow</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Ammodramus</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>savannarum</taxonrv>
           <common>Grasshopper Sparrow</common>
          </taxoncl>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>henslowii</taxonrv>
           <common>Henslow&apos;s Sparrow</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
        <taxoncl>
         <taxonrn>Family</taxonrn>
         <taxonrv>Icteridae</taxonrv>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Dolichonyx</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>oryzivorus</taxonrv>
           <common>Bobolink</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
         <taxoncl>
          <taxonrn>Genus</taxonrn>
          <taxonrv>Sturnella</taxonrv>
          <taxoncl>
           <taxonrn>Species</taxonrn>
           <taxonrv>magna</taxonrv>
           <common>Eastern Meadowlark</common>
          </taxoncl>
         </taxoncl>
        </taxoncl>
       </taxoncl>
      </taxoncl>
     </taxoncl>
    </taxoncl>
   </taxoncl>
  </taxonomy>
  <accconst>None</accconst>
  <useconst>None</useconst>
  <ptcontac>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntperp>
     <cntper>Mike Morgan</cntper>
     <cntorg>Audubon New York</cntorg>
    </cntperp>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
     <address>Audubon New York</address>
     <address>159 Sapsucker Woods Rd.</address>
     <city>Ithaca</city>
     <state>NY</state>
     <postal>14850</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>(607) 254-2487</cntvoice>
    <cntemail>mmorgan@audubon.org</cntemail>
   </cntinfo>
  </ptcontac>
  <crossref>
   <citeinfo>
    <origin>Morgan, M. and M. Burger.</origin>
    <pubdate>200805</pubdate>
    <title>A Plan for Conserving Grassland Birds in New York: Final Report to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation under contract #C005137.</title>
    <geoform>document</geoform>
    <pubinfo>
     <pubplace>Ithaca, NY.</pubplace>
     <publish>Audubon New York.</publish>
    </pubinfo>
    <onlink>http://ny.audubon.org/PDFs/ConservationPlan-GrasslandBirds-NY.pdf</onlink>
   </citeinfo>
  </crossref>
 </idinfo>
 <dataqual>
  <logic>not applicable</logic>
  <complete>A total of 487 different habitat patches were surveyed in 2005, a limited number of specific locations were surveyed in 2006, and a refined, more robust protocol was implemented at approximately 80 sites in 2008.</complete>
  <lineage>
   <method>
    <methtype>Field</methtype>
    <methodid>
     <methkt>None</methkt>
     <methkey>point counts</methkey>
    </methodid>
    <methdesc>
     In 2005, surveys were conducted throughout eight focus areas.  Surveys were conducted using 5-minute point counts (both double and single-observer), and were randomly distributed across the focus areas.  Survey effort was allocated according to the relative size of the focus area.  Surveys were conducted at both roadside and in-field locations (when landowner permission was granted), in a variety of grassland habitats.
     In 2006, targeted surveys were conducted  for grassland bird species poorly represented (or not represented at all) in the 2005 survey.
     In 2008, 10-minute point counts were conducted while recording exact distances and detection histories (3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 minute periods), and points were surveyed twice during the season.  Points were located on roadsides at randomly selected sites, in-field in patches enrolled in the Landowner Incentive Program, and in-field in patches that were submitted to but not enrolled in the Landowner Incentive Program.  The 2008 effort was conducted in collaboration with similar surveys in New Jersey and Connecticut, with advice provided by USFWS (Division of Migratory Bird Management, Frank Rivera).
    </methdesc>
   </method>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc>No process steps have been described for this data set</procdesc>
    <procdate>Unknown</procdate>
   </procstep>
  </lineage>
 </dataqual>
 <spdoinfo>
  <direct>Point</direct>
 </spdoinfo>
 <eainfo>
  <overview>
   <eaover>Data include:  location, vegetation, habitat, observer, bird species, number of birds, detection histories, exact distance, etc.</eaover>
   <eadetcit>Contact the distributor for details.</eadetcit>
  </overview>
 </eainfo>
 <distinfo>
  <distrib>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntperp>
     <cntper>Mike Morgan</cntper>
     <cntorg>Audubon New York</cntorg>
    </cntperp>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
     <address>Audubon New York</address>
     <address>159 Sapsucker Woods Rd.</address>
     <city>Ithaca</city>
     <state>NY</state>
     <postal>14850</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>(607) 254-2487</cntvoice>
    <cntemail>mmorgan@audubon.org</cntemail>
   </cntinfo>
  </distrib>
  <resdesc>New York Grassland Bird Surveys</resdesc>
  <distliab>No warranty, expressed or implied, is made regarding the accuracy or utility of these data.</distliab>
  <custom>Contact the distributor.</custom>
 </distinfo>
 <metainfo>
  <metd>20081023</metd>
  <metc>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntperp>
     <cntper>Jim Lowe</cntper>
     <cntorg>Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology</cntorg>
    </cntperp>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
     <address>159 Sapsucker Woods Road</address>
     <city>Ithaca</city>
     <state>NY</state>
     <postal>14850</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>607-254-2413</cntvoice>
    <cntemail>JDL6@cornell.edu</cntemail>
    <cntinst>E-Mail is preferred</cntinst>
   </cntinfo>
  </metc>
  <metstdn>FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
  <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001.1-1999</metstdv>
 </metainfo>
</metadata>

