Ducks Unlimited, Inc., One Waterfowl Way, Memphis, TN 38120 (+1-901-758-3825) Unknown spreadsheet One of the most urgent needs for the conservation of habitats critical to migratory waterbirds in Latin America and the Caribbean is the collection of sound information about the numbers and species of birds using particular wetlands. Ducks Unlimited (DU), in collaboration with more than 300 colleagues from thirteen different countries in the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America, gathered data on distribution and numbers of waterbirds between 1999-2007, with an initial emphasis on waterfowl (Family: Anatidae). DU provided training, worked towards common standards and methodologies, and aimed at expanding the number of wetlands and countries included in the surveys. The information gained from these surveys has helped identify some very important wetlands for waterbirds and has led to increased conservation efforts and awareness for both wetlands and waterbirds within the region. DU's Waterbird Surveys Initiative was motivated by an interest in learning more about where waterbirds occur n Latin America and the Caribbean, and where wetland landscape conservation programs should be directed. These included designation of new Ramsar sites, establishment of protected areas, and management needs. The importance of regional efforts to gather data in a synchronized and standardized way, and the importance of sharing all information, was highlighted throughout the initiative. The official dates for surveys chosen for the regional surveys were: - 2nd w-e in October (southern migration) - 4th w-e in January (wintering sites) - 4th w-e in March and/or 4th w-e in April (northern migration) The data will be updated following two additional survey periods with funding from Ducks Unlimited - October 2007 and January 2008, covering Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua.. We are not yet certain if there will be future additions to the data directly by colleagues in Caribbean, Central American, and northern South American countries. 20000115 2008 ground condition In work As needed The Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America. Countries with data: Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Colombia, Suriname, and Venezuela. -92.09778 -54.34028 25.01056 3.10028 None Wetlands Surveys Survey Sites DU Ducks Unlimited, Inc. LAC Latin America and Caribbean Program None Caribbean Central America América Central South America América del Sur North America América del Norte, Bahamas Dominican Republic República Dominicana Haiti Haití Jamaica Belize Belice Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua Colombia Suriname Surinam Venezuela None September October November December January February March April May fall autumn winter spring None multiple species birds waterbirds waterfowl Anatidae Anhimidae Podicipedidae Pelecanidae Phalacrocoracidae Anhingidae Ardeidae Threskiornithidae Ciconiidae Phoencopteridae Rallidae Eurypygidae Aramidae Gruidae Burhinidae Chionidae Charadriidae Haematopodidae Recurvirostridae Jacanidae Rostratulidae Pluvianellidae Scolopacidae Thinocoridae Stercorariidae Laridae Rhynchopidae Anhima cornuta Chauna torquata Chauna chavaria Dendrocygna bicolor Dendrocygna viduata Dendrocygna arborea Dendrocygna autumnalis Anser albifrons Chen caerulescens Anser caerulescens Chen rossii Anser rossii Branta canadensis Branta bernicla Coscoroba coscoroba Cygnus melancoryphus Cygnus melanocorypha Cygnus melanocoryphus Cygnus columbianus Chloephaga melanoptera Chloephaga picta Chloephaga hybrida Chloephaga poliocephala Chloephaga rubidiceps Neochen jubata Cairina moschata Sarkidiornis melanotos Callonetta leucophrys Amazonetta brasiliensis Merganetta armata Tachyeres patachonicus Tachyeres pteneres Tachyeres brachypterus Tachyeres leucocephalus Aix sponsa Lophonetta specularioides Anas specularioides Speculanas specularis Anas specularis Anas strepera Anas penelope Anas americana Anas sibilatrix Anas rubripes Anas fulvigula Anas platyrhynchos Anas (platyrhynchos) diazi Anas wyvilliana Anas discors Anas cyanoptera Anas platalea Anas clypeata Anas bahamensis Anas flavirostris Anas acuta Anas georgica Anas querquedula Anas crecca Anas puna Anas versicolor Netta peposaca Netta erythrophthalma Aythya valisineria Aythya americana Aythya collaris Aythya marila Aythya affinis Melanitta nigra Melanitta perspicillata Melanitta fusca Clangula hyemalis Bucephala clangula Bucephala albeola Lophodytes cucullatus Mergus octosetaceus Mergus serrator Mergus merganser Heteronetta atricapilla Nomonyx dominicus Oxyura dominica Nomonyx dominica Oxyura jamaicensis Oxyura ferruginea Oxyura vittata Rollandia rolland Podiceps rolland Rollandia microptera Centropelma micropterum Tachybaptus dominicus Podiceps dominicus Podilymbus podiceps Podiceps major Podiceps occipitalis Podiceps taczanowskii Podiceps gallardoi Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Pelecanus occidentalis Pelecanus thagus Phalacrocorax auritus Phalacrocorax brasilianus Phalacrocorax olivaceus Phalacrocorax brasiliensis Phalacrocorax magellanicus Phalacrocorax bougainvillii Phalacrocorax atriceps Phalacrocorax gaimardi Phalacrocorax harrisi Nannopterum harrisi Anhinga anhinga Ardea herodias Ardea cocoi Casmerodius albus Ardea alba Egretta alba Bulbulcus ibis Ardea ibis Butorides virescens Butorides striata Butorides striatus Egretta rufescens Dichromanassa rufescens Egretta tricolor Egretta caerulea Egretta thula Egretta garzetta Syrigma sibilatrix Pilherodius pileatus Nyctanassa violacea Nycticorax violaceus Nycticorax nycticorax Botaurus pinnatus Botaurus lentiginosus Ixobrychus involucris Ixobrychus exilis Zebrilus undulatus Tigrisoma mexicanum Tigrisoma fasciatum Tigrisoma lineatum Agamia agami Cochlearius cochlearius Theristicus caerulescens Harpiprion caerulescens Theristicus caudatus Theristicus melanopis Theristicus branickii Cercibis oxycerca Mesembrinibis cayennensis Phimosus infuscatus Eudocimus albus Eudocimus ruber Plegadis falcinellus Plegadis chihi Plegadis ridgwayi Ajaia ajaja Platalea ajaja Mycteria americana Ciconia maguari Euxenura maguari Jabiru mycteria Phoenicopterus ruber Phoenicopterus chilensis Phoenicoparrus andinus Phoenicopterus andinus Phoenicoparrus jamesi Phoenicopterus jamesi Coturnicops notatus Coturnicops notata Micropygia schomburgkii Anurolimnas castaneiceps Rallina castaneiceps Anurolimnas viridis Laterallus viridis Anurolimnas fasciatus Laterallus fasciatus Laterallus melanophaius Laterallus levraudi Laterallus ruber Laterallus albigularis Laterallus exillis Laterallus jamaicensis Laterallus tuerosi Laterallus (j.) tuerosi Laterallus spilonotus Laterallus leucopyrrhus Laterallus xenopterus Rallus longirostris Rallus elegans Rallus wetmorei Rallus limicola Rallus semiplumbeus Rallus antarcticus Aramides mangle Aramides axillaris Eulabeornis axillaris Aramides cajanea Eulabeornis cajaneus Aramides wolfi Eulabeornis wolfi Aramides ypecaha Eulabeornis ypecaha Aramides saracura Eulabeornis saracura Aramides calopterus Eulabeornis calopterus Amaurolimnas concolor Eulabeornis concolor Porzana carolina Porzana spiloptera Laterallus spilopterus Porzana albicollis Porzana flaviventer Poliolimnas flaviventer Cyanolimnas cerverai Cyanolimnus cerverai Neocrex colombianus Neocrex erythrops Porzana erythrops Pardirallus maculatus Pardirallus nigricans Rallus nigricans Pardirallus sanguinolentus Rallus sanguinolentus Porphyrio martinica Porphyrio martinicus Porphyrula martinica Porphyrio flavirostris Porphyrula flavirostris Gallinula chloropus Gallinula melanops Porphyrio melanops Fulica americana Fulica caribaea Fulica leucoptera Fulica ardesiaca Fulica armillata Fulica rufifrons Fulica gigantea Fulica cornuta Heliornis fulica Eurypyga helias Aramus guarauna Grus canadensis Burhinus bistriatus Burhinus superciliaris Chionis alba Chionis albus Vanellus cayanus Hoploxypterus cayanus Vanellus chilensis Vanellus resplendens Pluvialis dominica Pluvialis squatarola Charadrius semipalmatus Charadrius wilsonia Charadrius vociferus Charadrius melodus Charadrius alexandrinus Charadrius collaris Charadrius alticola Charadrius falklandicus Charadrius modestus Zonibyx modestus Phegornis mitchellii Eudromias ruficollis Oreopholus ruficollis Haematopus leucopodus Haematopus ater Haematopus palliatus Himantopus mexicanus Himantopus melanurus Recurvirostra americana Recurvirostra andina Jacana spinosa Jacana jacana Rostratula semicollaris Nycticryphes semicollaris Pluvianellus socialis Gallinago delicate Gallinago gallinago Gallinago paraguaiae Gallinago andina Gallinago nobilis Gallinago undulata Gallinago stricklandii Gallinago jamesoni Gallinago imperialis Limnodromus griseus Limnodromus scolopaceus Limosa haemastica Limosa fedoa Numenius borealis Numenius phaeopus Numenius americanus Numenius lapponica Bartramia longicauda Tringa melanoleuca Tringa flavipes Tringa solitaria Xenus cinereus Tringa cinerea Actitis macularius Actitis macularia Tringa macularia Heteroscelus incanus Heteroscelus incanus Tringa incana Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Arenaria interpres Aphriza virgata Calidris canutus Calidris alba Calidris pusilla Calidris mauri Calidris minutilla Calidris fuscicollis Calidris bairdii Calidris melanotos Calidris alpina Calidris himantopus Micropalama himantopus Tryngites subruficollis Steganopus tricolor Phalaropus tricolor Phalaropus lobatus Phalaropus fulicaria Phalaropus fulicarius Philomachus pugnax Attagis gayi Attagis malouinus Thinocorus orbignyianus Thinocorus rumicivorus Catharacta antarctica Catharacta chilensis Catharacta maccormickii Catharacta skua Larus scoresbii Leucophaeus scoresbii Larus belcheri Larus atlanticus Larus modestus Larus delawarensis Larus marinus Larus dominicanus Larus argentatus Larus cirrocephalus Larus maculipennis Larus philadelphia Larus serranus Larus fuliginosus Larus atricilla Larus pipixcan Xema sabini Creagrus furcatus Sterna nilotica Gelochelidon nilotica Sterna caspia Sterna elegans Thalasseus elegans Sterna sandvicensis Thalasseus sandvicensis Sterna eurygnatha Sterna maxima Thalasseus maxima Sterna dougallii Sterna hirundinacea Sterna hirundo Sterna paradisaea Sterna vittata Sterna forsteri Sterna trudeaui Sterna antillarum Sterna superciliaris Sterna albifrons Sterna lorata Sterna anaethetus Sterna fuscata Chlidonias niger Phaetusa simplex Anous stolidus Anous minutus Procelsterna albivitta Gygis alba Larosterna inca Larus minutus Larus fuscus Anous tenuirostris Sterna albifrons Rhynchopidae Rynchops niger American Ornithologists' Union 1998 Seventh book http://www.aou.org/checklist/index.php3 The check-list is revised and updated on an annual basis by the American Ornithologists' Union. Revisions are published in The Auk. South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithologists' Union Unknown document http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.html This classification is subject to constant revision by the proposal system to allow incorporation of new data. BirdLife International Unknown document http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/taxonomy.html Wetlands International Unknown document http://www.wetlands.org/index.aspx Observers had pre-existing knowledge of bird identification or they used published field guides. DU sponsored multiple training seminars and workshops to provide volunteer participants with the skills necessary to collect data. The workshops included information on species identification. DU also produced field guides of the waterfowl species that occur in the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America to aid in species identification. All synonyms/forms used by the different sources have been included in the database and as keywords. All Neotropical species from the following families were allowed to be entered into the data: Anhimidae, Podicipedidae, Pelecanidae, Phalacrocoracidae, Anhingidae, Ardeidae, Threskiornithidae, Ciconiidae, Phoencopteridae, Rallidae, Eurypygidae, Aramidae, Gruidae, Burhinidae, Chionidae, Charadriidae, Haematopodidae, Recurvirostridae, Jacanidae, Rostratulidae, Pluvianellidae, Scolopacidae, Thinocoridae, Stercorariidae, Laridae, Rhynchopidae. However, most of the data are limited to Anatidae. Kingdom Animalia animals Phylum Chordata chordates Subphylum Vertebrata vertebrates Class Aves birds Order Anseriformes Screamers, Swans, Geese, and Ducks Family Anhimidae Screamers Family Anatidae Ducks, Geese, and Swans Order Podicipediformes Grebes Family Podicipedidae Grebes Order Pelecaniformes Totipalmate Birds Family Pelecanidae Pelicans Family Phalacrocoracidae Cormorants Family Anhingidae Darters Order Ciconiiformes Herons, Ibises, Storks, American Vultures, and Allies Family Ardeidae Herons, Bitterns, and Allies Family Threskiornithidae Ibises and Spoonbills Family Ciconiidae Storks Order Phoenicopteriformes Flamingos Family Phoenicopteridae Flamingos Order Gruiformes Rails, Cranes, and Allies Family Rallidae Rails, Gallinules, and Coots Family Eurypygidae Sunbitterns Family Aramidae Limpkins Family Gruidae Cranes Order Charadriiformes Shorebirds, Gulls, Auks, and Allies Family Burhinidae Thick-knees Family Chionidae Sheathbills Family Charadriidae Lapwings and Plovers Family Haematopodidae Oystercatchers Family Recurvirostridae Stilts and Avocets Family Jacanidae Jacanas Family Rostratulidae Painted-snipe Family Pluvianellidae Family Scolopacidae Sandpipers, Phalaropes, and Allies Family Thinocoridae Seedsnipe Family Laridae Gulls and Terns Family Stercorariidae Skuas and Jaegers Family Rhynchopidae Skimmers None. The data are not sensitive or classified. There are also no legal restrictions to use of the data. DU has waived the copyright to these data. None. The data are not sensitive or classified. There are also no legal restrictions to use of the data. DU has waived the copyright to these data. Montserrat Carbonell or Ken Kriese Ducks Unlimited, Inc. llenobracm@gmail.com (Carbonell) PatoNeotropical@gmail.com (Kriese) Support (technical and financial): U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Bob Blohm, Bill Eldridge, Pam Garretson, Mark Koneff, Rebecca Rau, Fred Roetker, Doug Ryan, Phil Thorpe, Jim Voltzer, Jim Wortham), NBII/USGS (Elizabeth Martin), Canadian Wildlife Service (Dale Caswell, Dan Nieman), LightHawk (Michele Gangaware), and DU-LAC Interns (Karen Alexander, Lali Caballé, Julie Garvin, Beatríz López, Flor Trama). Funding: Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act (NMBCA) - USFWS, NBII/USGS, and anonymous donor. Data Collection and Analysis: Leonarda Abreu, Steve Adair, Raul Aguilar, Yancarlo Alcántara, Exinord Alexis, Jesús Almonte, Eduardo Alvarez, Francisco Alvarez, José (Chino) Amado, Leticia Andino, Héctor Andujar, Isadora Angarita, Jean Renaud Antoine, Cesar Arango, Daniel Arbeláez, Maria Isabel Arce, Boris Arévalo, Osmar Arroliga, Stephanny Arroyo, Jose G. Arteaga, Richard Ashfield, Isabel Avila, Jorany Avila, Joe Awe, Bernardo Azocar, William Báez Feliz, My Jaime Barrera, Ximena Barrera, Ariadna Bazzaglia, Mauricio Bejarano, Fabio Belén, Marcia Beltré, Nili Johana Betancur, Chequita Bikhi, Salomon Bobadilla, Jeff Bonneville, Rafael Borja, Jorge Botero, Edison Briceño, Jorge Brocca, Carlos Bucán, Lali Caballé, Bolivar Cabrera, Gianina Cadena, Juliana Caicedo, Jaime Cal, Reynold Cal, María José Canelón, Jose Luis Caraballo, Juan Caraballo, Liondy Caraballo, Omar Caraballo, Silfredo Caraballo, Giovani Cardenas, Hugo Carrasco, Fabio Carvajal, Paula Casas, Fernando Castillo, Karla Castillo, Máximo (Danny) Castillo, Eric Castro, Juan Francisco (Bate) Castro, Benigno Cawich, Cristina Chaluleu, Gonzalo Chan, Pilar Chavez, Foek Chin Joe, Elam Choc, Miguel Choco, Bernardo Cifuentes, Yanira Cifuentes, Alberto Coc, Samson Compére, Dario Correa, Jr Crouse, Oscar Cruz, Delsi de los Santos, Edwin De Paula Rosario, Sonia Del Mar, Sylvain Jean Desir, Rafael Dévora, Marivi Diaz, Germán Dominici, Clyde Dreischor, David Dueck, Celina Dueñas, Francisco J. Durán, Paul Judex Edouarzin, Faiber Escobar, Peter Espeut, Felipe Estela, Aquiles Estévez, Maxi Estiverne, Diana Eusse, Patricia Faik, Adriana Fajardo, David Fajardo, Adrian Farmer, Franklin Féliz, José Miguel Féliz, Melvyn Féliz, Pablo Féliz, Paoli Féliz, Ruben Darío Féliz, Mariate Fernandez, Carolina Fierro, Eliana Fierro, Omar Figueroa, Veronica Figueroa, Keba Fitzerald, Nelson Flores, Gerald Ford, Laura Fourier, Felipe Franco, Jean Marc Francois, Ulric Friderichsen, Francisco Galindo, Martin Galvez, Emil Gamez, Alfredo J. Garcia, Emerson Garcia, Geovanni García, Greival García, Joe García, Nelson García, Yeneri García, Michael Garner, Esteban Garrido, Lesly Génesté, Luis Germer, Alán Giraldo, Eugenio Gonzalez, Kasia Grasela, Moisés Graybar, Evelyn Guerrero, Catalina Gutierrez, Fernando Gutierrez, Nicolas Gutiérrez, Andre Hay, Brandon Hay, Ann Haynes-Sutton, John Head, Steffany Henríquez, Carlos Hernandez, Elizabeth Hernandez, Juan Hernandez, Heidy Herrera, Néstor Herrera, Jarle Hofstad, Johanna Hurtado, Mauricio Ibarra, Ricardo Ibarra, Rawin Jairam, Alban Jimenez, Carolina Jimenez, Andrés Jiménez, Héctor Jiménez, Richard Johnston, Peguy Joseph, Emie Labrecque, Margarita Landaverde, Martín Lezama, Jeny Linarez, Marchal Lingaard, Jonathan Lohr, Jorge Lopez, Jose Lopez, Alex López, Harold López, Julian López, Rafael Lorenzo, Jean Mary Lorquet, Rotschild Lorquet, Enold Louis Jean, Saccha Lozano, Jorge Martin, Christine Martinez, Elizer Martinez, Esmeralda Martinez, Norman Martinez, Wilber Martinez, Carmen Martínez, Gerardo Martínez, María Alejandra Martínez, Roberto Martínez, Aldo Matal, Arlette Matarita, Jeffrey Mccoy, Michael Mccoy, Alen Medina, Crístomo Medina, David Medina, Luis Meira, Angel Mejia, Carlos Mejía, Eric Melendez, Jorgue Luis Méndez, Vicente Meza, Matt Miller, Pablo Mis, Kris Mohadin, Otto Molina, Jorge Montenegro, Alex Montero, Hugo Montes, Marcos Morales, Marcia Muñoz, Luis Germán Naranjo, Maria Naranjo, Walberto Naranjo, Rabin Nekrui, Magaly Ojeda, Bienvenido Rafael Olivero, Harold Daniel Olivero, Robelín Olivero, Yorkis Olivero, Houston Olivero Sánchez, Fenando Ortega, Andres Ortiz, Amalio (Amado) Ortíz, Otte Ottema, Paul Oviedo, Alejandro Paredez, Steve Parker, Luis Parra, Ernesto Paz, Angel Pech, Robert Peck, Juana Peña, Viviana Peña, Yenifer Peña, Tarn Peralto, Ydelixsa Pereira, Ricardo Perez, Ramona Pérez, Fabio Pimentel, Luis Pineda, Frank Plett, Isaias Pol, Kennida Polanco, Ricardo Pujols, Waldo Querales, Adjai Ramharak, Viviana Ramirez, Jorge Humberto Restrepo, Gilberto Ríos, Margarita Ríos, Marvín Rivas, Carmen Cecilia Rivera, María Rivera, Roberto Rivera, Lina Juliana Robayo, Diego Rodriguez, Elvyn Larry Rodríguez, Fidelina Rodríguez, Nelson Rodríguez, Wilfredo Rodríguez, David Rosane, Francisco Rosario, Laura Rubio, Carlos Jose Ruiz, Paul Russel, Shamita Sahdew, Claude Saint-Thomas, Claudine Sakimin, Carolina Salazar, Elicenia Salazar, Francisco Saldaña, Milagro Salinas, Angie Sanchez, Carol Sanchez, Angel Sánchez, Elkin Sánchez, Julio Sánchez, Marielis Sánchez, Angel Daneris Santana, Johan Santana, Enrique Sanz, Chuck Schroll, Raul Sedano, Angel Ezequiel Segura, Katherin Segura, Melvin Segura, Rafael Segura, Hector Jose Sequera, Juan Serrano, Peter Shol, Raquel Sigüenza, Domingo Sirí, Roy Solano, Mauricio Solís, Abner Sosa, Leonides Sosa, Daniel Soto, Arie Spaans, Jean Philippe Stevenson, Robert Sutton, Raimundo Tamayo, Javier Teck, Domingo Teul, Mario Teul, Sherry (Pilar) Thorn, Florencia Trama, Francisco Troncoso, Sofia Trujillo, Blanco Turbí, Canute Tyndale, Carlos Valderrama, Diego Vargas, Edwin Vargas, José De Jesús Vargas, Rafael Vargas, Roberto Vargas, Eduardo Vásquez, Adriana Velez, Aldo Venetti, Wendy Vidal, Sergio Vilchez, Juan Dario Villareal, Peter Vogel, Arioene Vreedzaam, Kate Wallace, Carolyn Wardle, Harvey Webb, Jim Wiley, Raymond Williams, Peter Wilson-Kelly, Arno Woollensak, Jeisson Zamudio, José Zolotoff. The data are currently stored in MS Excel spreadsheets. Carbonell, M., K. Kriese, and K. Alexander. 2007 document Memphis, TN, USA. Ducks Unlimited, Inc. Carbonell, M., and J. Garvin. 2002 document Memphis, TN, USA. Ducks Unlimited, Inc. The data were collected by volunteer participants from each country and many received training from workshops sponsored by DU within each country. DU sponsored multiple training seminars and workshops to provide volunteer participants with the skills necessary to collect data. The workshops included information on species identification, survey methods, and methods to practice how to estimate the numbers of observed individuals. DU also produced field guides of the waterfowl species that occur in the Caribbean, Central America, and northern South America to aid in species identification. not applicable Efforts were made to standardize and synchronize the survey methodology, but the results were varied among years and sites. Data collection until April 2006 was primarily focused on species of Anatidae. Other waterbird species observed may have been included as notes or observations, but they were not part of the official data. However, there are some data from a limited number of sites in Colombia that also include other waterbird species. The data collected from October 2006 to the present include all waterbird species for the following countries: Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Colombia. The coordinate data for each wetland were derived from the following sources: country maps, hand-held GPS units, and GoogleEarth. Coordinate data obtained by GPS were collected during the initial survey effort at each site. Data obtained by a map or from GoogleEarth were derived sometime after the initial survey effort. In most cases, the coordinates reflect a point near the center of the wetland or wetland survey unit. Field None aerial surveys boat surveys land surveys transects point counts The official dates for surveys chosen for the regional surveys were: - 2nd w-e in October (southern migration) - 4th w-e in January (wintering sites) - 4th w-e in March and/or 4th w-e in April (northern migration) Surveys were completed between September and May to collect data mainly on North American migratory waterfowl, with efforts concentrated in October (southern migration), January (wintering populations) and March/April (northern migration). Efforts were made to standardize and synchronize the survey methodology, but the results were varied among years and sites. Surveys included: aerial surveys, boat surveys, and land surveys. Initial survey efforts were exploratory in nature since there was very little information about the different wetlands and bird populations. Surveys continued to be exploratory for some countries and/or wetlands, but transects and point counts were used for other wetlands that were visited frequently. The data were collected by volunteer participants from each country and many received training from workshops sponsored by DU within each country. No process steps have been described for this data set Unknown Point 0.01 0.01 Decimal degrees Location Data Survey location information. None Country Country. None Latitude Latitude (in both degrees/minutes/seconds and decimal degrees). None Longitude Longitude (in both degrees/minutes/seconds and decimal degrees). None Georeference Method Georeference Method DU MAP Coordinate data were obtained from a map or from GoogleEarth. DU GPS Coordinate data were derived from hand-held GPS units. DU Survey Site Name Name of the survey site. None Weather Data Weather conditions during survey. None Weather Weather condtions during survey. None CLEAR The sky was clear during the survey. DU CLOUDY The sky was cloudy during the survey. DU RAINING It was raining during the survey. DU Wind Wind conditions during the survey. None SOFT There was light wind during the survey. DU MODERATE There was moderate wind during the survey. DU STRONG There was strong wind during the survey. DU Bird Data Bird survey information. None Protocol Code Survey protocol used. None TRANSECT Transect DU POINT Point count DU EXPLORE Exploratory DU Effort Units1 How survey was conducted. DU AERIAL Surveyed from the air. DU BOAT Surveyed by boat. DU LAND Surveyed from land. DU Survey Date Date of survey. None Species Bird species. None Count Number of birds per species. None Participants Participants. None The data collected include: country, coordinates, survey site name, dates of surveys, species, numbers of birds per species, and participants. None. Ducks Unlimited, Inc. Montserrat Carbonell or Ken Kriese llenobracm@gmail.com (Carbonell) PatoNeotropical@gmail.com (Kriese) Latin America and Caribbean Program No warranty, expressed or implied, is made regarding the accuracy or utility of these data. Differences in field methods among countries and colleagues, lack of rigorous synchronization of survey dates, changes in survey personnel, variability in personnel experience and survey effort, and changes in survey locations within countries, were all limitations of the LAC Waterfowl Surveys initiative. As a result, caution must be exercised in attempting to estimate and draw inferences about population trends using data from these surveys. Any such attempts should be made in close consultation with the country experts who have knowledge of specific limitations of these data for individual countries and species. XLS http://www.ducks.org/lac/homepage None. Excel tables not including all data fields can be obtained from the DU Latin America and Caribbean Program website. A complete copy of the data may be obtained by contacting Montserrat Carbonell (llenobracm@gmail.com) or Ken Kriese (PatoNeotropical@gmail.com). Avian Knowledge Network, Cornell Lab of Ornithology Database Administrator mailing and physical

159 Sapsucker Woods Rd.

Ithaca NY 14850 USA Latin America and Caribbean Program. A complete copy of the data may be obtained from the Avian Knowledge Network. These data are made available through the Avian Knowledge Network, a National Science Foundation funded project of the Cornell Lab of Ornithology and Department of Computer Science at Cornell University. No warranty, expressed or implied, is made regarding the accuracy or utility of these data. Differences in field methods among countries and colleagues, lack of rigorous synchronization of survey dates, changes in survey personnel, variability in personnel experience and survey effort, and changes in survey locations within countries, were all limitations of the LAC Waterfowl Surveys initiative. As a result, caution must be exercised in attempting to estimate and draw inferences about population trends using data from these surveys. Any such attempts should be made in close consultation with the country experts who have knowledge of specific limitations of these data for individual countries and species. website http://www.avianknowledge.net/content/ http://www.avianknowledge.net/content/datasets None 20080123 Jim Lowe Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology mailing and physical

159 Sapsucker Woods Road

Ithaca NY 14850 USA 607-254-2413 JDL6@cornell.edu E-Mail is preferred FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001.1-1999