<!DOCTYPE METADATA PUBLIC "-//FGDC//DTD METADATA 2.0//EN">
<metadata>
 <idinfo>
  <citation>
   <citeinfo>
    <origin>Redwood Sciences Laboratory</origin>
    <origin>Klamath Bird Observatory</origin>
    <pubdate>Unknown</pubdate>
    <title>LaMNA - Klamath Bird Monitoring Network Banding Data</title>
    <geoform>database</geoform>
    <onlink>http://fsweb.rsl.psw.fs.fed.us/index.shtml</onlink>
    <onlink>http://www.klamathbird.org</onlink>
   </citeinfo>
  </citation>
  <descript>
   <abstract>The Klamath Bird Observatory and U.S. Forest Service&apos;s Redwood Sciences Laboratory coordinate the Klamath Bird Monitoring Network, a comprehensive bird-monitoring network in southern Oregon and northern California (Alexander et al. 1994).  The Network integrates bird conservation objectives into the ecosystem management process by incorporating academic, scientific, management, and conservation interests to inform the management and conservation process with science.  These data result from Constant Effort Mist Netting, Rapid Ornithological Inventory, and special species monitoring efforts.</abstract>
   <purpose>Banding data are unique in that they result from collecting a variety of metrics from individually captured birds.  In many cases it is possible to record information (e.g., age, sex, and other metrics about the individual status of each captured bird) that can not be obtained by simply observing birds through standard counting methods.  With a bird in hand it is possible to verify breeding status and determine, for migrant species, if individuals are local breeders.  Mist nets also capture cryptic species that often are missed in other sampling methodologies.  It is our goal to use banding data to shed light on the dynamics of bird populations and the nature of the effect of habitat changes on these dynamics. The objectives of the banding programs that resulted in these data are to collect information that provide an index to species diversity and abundance in riparian and upland habitats, to evaluate the reproductive success, survivorship, and population health of Neotropical migratory and resident birds, to maintain a long-term monitoring effort for tracking landbird population trends, and to test methods for effectively monitoring special species.</purpose>
  </descript>
  <timeperd>
   <timeinfo>
    <rngdates>
     <begdate>19920512</begdate>
     <enddate>2008</enddate>
    </rngdates>
   </timeinfo>
   <current>ground condition</current>
  </timeperd>
  <status>
   <progress>In work</progress>
   <update>Annually</update>
  </status>
  <spdom>
   <descgeog>Klamath-Siskiyou Bioregion of southern Oregon and northern California.</descgeog>
   <bounding>
    <westbc>-124.2056</westbc>
    <eastbc>-121.469</eastbc>
    <northbc>42.58657</northbc>
    <southbc>38.86607</southbc>
   </bounding>
  </spdom>
  <keywords>
   <theme>
    <themekt>None</themekt>
    <themekey>monitoring</themekey>
    <themekey>bird conservation</themekey>
    <themekey>bird populations</themekey>
    <themekey>population trends</themekey>
    <themekey>habitat changes</themekey>
    <themekey>Partners in Flight</themekey>
   </theme>
   <place>
    <placekt>None</placekt>
    <placekey>United States</placekey>
    <placekey>USA</placekey>
    <placekey>U.S.</placekey>
    <placekey>Oregon</placekey>
    <placekey>OR</placekey>
    <placekey>California</placekey>
    <placekey>CA</placekey>
    <placekey>Klamath-Siskiyou Bioregion</placekey>
   </place>
  </keywords>
  <taxonomy>
   <keywtax>
    <taxonkt>None</taxonkt>
    <taxonkey>multiple species</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>birds</taxonkey>
    <taxonkey>landbirds</taxonkey>
   </keywtax>
   <taxonsys>
    <classsys>
     <classcit>
      <citeinfo>
       <origin>American Ornithologists&apos; Union</origin>
       <pubdate>1998</pubdate>
       <title>Check-list of North American Birds</title>
       <edition>Seventh</edition>
       <geoform>book</geoform>
       <onlink>http://www.aou.org/checklist/index.php3</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
     </classcit>
     <classmod>The check-list is revised and updated on an annual basis by the American Ornithologists&apos; Union. Revisions are published in The Auk.</classmod>
    </classsys>
    <idref>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Altman, B.</origin>
      <pubdate>1999</pubdate>
      <title>Conservation strategy for landbirds in coniferous forests of western Oregon and Washington.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>unknown</pubplace>
       <publish>Oregon - Washington Partners in Flight.</publish>
      </pubinfo>
      <othercit>Copies available from Klamath Bird Observatory, PO Box 758, Ashland, Oregon, 97520.</othercit>
     </citeinfo>
    </idref>
    <idref>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Altman, B.</origin>
      <pubdate>2000</pubdate>
      <title>Conservation strategy for landbirds of the east-slope of the Cascade Mountains in Oregon and Washington.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>unknown</pubplace>
       <publish>Oregon - Washington Partners in Flight.</publish>
      </pubinfo>
      <othercit>Copies available from Klamath Bird Observatory, PO Box 758, Ashland, Oregon, 97520.</othercit>
     </citeinfo>
    </idref>
    <idref>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>CalPIF (California Partners in Flight).</origin>
      <pubdate>2002</pubdate>
      <title>The draft coniferous forest bird conservation plan: a strategy for protecting and managing coniferous forest habitats and associated birds in California.</title>
      <edition>Version 1.0.</edition>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <othercit>(J. Robinson and J. Alexander, lead authors).</othercit>
     </citeinfo>
    </idref>
    <idref>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>RHJV (Riparian Habitat Joint Venture).</origin>
      <pubdate>2004</pubdate>
      <title>The riparian bird conservation plan: a strategy for reversing the decline of riparian associated birds in California.</title>
      <edition>Version 2.0.</edition>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>unknown</pubplace>
       <publish>California Partners in Flight.</publish>
      </pubinfo>
      <onlink>http://www.prbo.org/calpif/pdfs/riparian.v2.pdf.</onlink>
     </citeinfo>
    </idref>
    <idref>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Rich, T.D., C.J. Beardmore, H. Berlanga, P.J. Blancher, M.S.W. Bradstreet, G.S. Butcher, D.W. Demarest, E.H. Dunn, W.C. Hunter, E.E. Inigo-Elias, J.A. Kennedy, A.M. Martell, A.O. Panjabi, D.N. Pashley, K.V. Rosenberg, C.M. Rustay, J.S. Wendt, and T.C. Will.</origin>
      <pubdate>2004</pubdate>
      <title>Partners in Flight North American landbird conservation plan.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>Ithaca, New York.</pubplace>
       <publish>Cornell Lab of Ornithology.</publish>
      </pubinfo>
     </citeinfo>
    </idref>
    <taxonpro>Observers have pre-existing knowledge of bird identification or they use published field guides and/or banding guides.</taxonpro>
   </taxonsys>
   <taxongen>The methods used gather distribution, abundance, and/or demographic information for many species, including those identified as priority or focal species by PIF in continental and regional habitat conservation plans (Altman 1999, 2000, CalPIF 2002, RHJV 2004, Rich et al. 2004).</taxongen>
   <taxoncl>
    <taxonrn>Kingdom</taxonrn>
    <taxonrv>Animalia</taxonrv>
    <common>animals</common>
    <taxoncl>
     <taxonrn>Phylum</taxonrn>
     <taxonrv>Chordata</taxonrv>
     <common>chordates</common>
     <taxoncl>
      <taxonrn>Subphylum</taxonrn>
      <taxonrv>Vertebrata</taxonrv>
      <common>vertebrates</common>
      <taxoncl>
       <taxonrn>Class</taxonrn>
       <taxonrv>Aves</taxonrv>
       <common>birds</common>
      </taxoncl>
     </taxoncl>
    </taxoncl>
   </taxoncl>
  </taxonomy>
  <accconst>Redwood Sciences Laboratory and Klamath Bird Observatory request that any use other than web-based visualizations posted by the AKN be first consulted with the contact persons listed below (C. John Ralph and John D. Alexander).</accconst>
  <useconst>Redwood Sciences Laboratory and Klamath Bird Observatory request that any use other than web-based visualizations posted by the AKN be first consulted with the contact persons listed below (C. John Ralph and John D. Alexander).</useconst>
  <ptcontac>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntperp>
     <cntper>C. John Ralph (RSL) or John D. Alexander (KBO)</cntper>
     <cntorg>Redwood Sciences Laboratory or Klamath Bird Observatory</cntorg>
    </cntperp>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
     <address>Redwood Sciences Laboratory</address>
     <city>Arcata</city>
     <state>CA</state>
     <postal>95521</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
     <address>Klamath Bird Observatory</address>
     <city>Ashland</city>
     <state>OR</state>
     <postal>97520</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>(707) 825-2992 (Ralph) or</cntvoice>
    <cntvoice>(541) 201-0866 (Alexander)</cntvoice>
    <cntemail>cralph@fs.fed.us (Ralph) or</cntemail>
    <cntemail>jda@klamathbird.org (Alexander)</cntemail>
   </cntinfo>
  </ptcontac>
  <datacred>
   Klamath Bird Monitoring Network efforts are conducted in collaboration with many federal agencies, local governments, non-government organizations and individual partners including: USDI Bureau of Land Management, USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, USDA Forest Service, Klamath County Public Works, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and PRBO Conservation Science.
    
   Many volunteers make our efforts possible.
  </datacred>
  <crossref>
   <citeinfo>
    <origin>Alexander, J.D., C.J. Ralph, K. Hollinger, and B. Hogobom.</origin>
    <pubdate>1994</pubdate>
    <title>Using a wide-scale landbird monitoring network to determine landbird distribution and productivity in the Klamath-Siskiyou region.</title>
    <geoform>book chapter</geoform>
    <othercit>Pp. 33-41 in K.L. Mergenthaler, J.E. Williams, and E.S. Jules (Eds.), Proceedings of the Second Conference on Klamath - Siskiyou Ecology.</othercit>
   </citeinfo>
  </crossref>
 </idinfo>
 <dataqual>
  <attracc>
   <attraccr>Banding is usually done by North American Banding Council-certified banders.  These banders must first learn the appropriate bird-handling and data recording procedures, and pass proficiency tests that ensure the quality of the data as well as the ethical manipulation of birds.</attraccr>
  </attracc>
  <logic>not applicable</logic>
  <lineage>
   <method>
    <methtype>Field</methtype>
    <methodid>
     <methkt>None</methkt>
     <methkey>constant-effort station</methkey>
     <methkey>mist netting</methkey>
     <methkey>bird banding</methkey>
    </methodid>
    <methdesc>
     Bird banding is done using standard protocols (Ralph et al. 1993).  All birds captured are affixed a band that contains a unique number.  Bands are issued by the Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL) of the United States Geological Survey; every band deployed on a bird is then reported back to the BBL to allow for the recording and validation of bird recaptures and band recoveries via this central repository.
     Monitoring at Constant-Effort Stations (CES) 
     Long-term mist netting efforts are designed to provide distribution, abundance, and demographic information.  The methods are described in Ralph et al. (1993, 2004) and include mist net arrays, banding, area search and point count survey, vegetation survey, and soft tissue sampling (for DNA, stable isotope study, and avian influenza monitoring).  These methods are consistent with recommendations of the PIF Inventory and Monitoring Working Group (Hussell and Ralph 1998).  We conduct integrated bird monitoring accordant to constant-effort station (CES) methodology at many locations in the Klamath-Siskiyou Bioregion.  The CES efforts generally begin during May, at the onset of the landbird breeding season in Oregon and California, and continue into October, inclusive of the fall migration.  Some stations are operated throughout the year. Each CES effort is scheduled for the five to six hours following sunrise.
    </methdesc>
    <methcite>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Ralph, C.J., G.R. Geupel, P. Pyle, T.E. Martin, and D.F. DeSante.</origin>
      <pubdate>1993</pubdate>
      <title>Handbook of field methods for monitoring landbirds.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>Pacific Southwest Research Station</pubplace>
       <publish>USDA Forest Service</publish>
      </pubinfo>
      <othercit>General Technical Report PSW-GTR-l44</othercit>
      <onlink>http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/topics/wildlife/birdmon/landbird/</onlink>
     </citeinfo>
    </methcite>
    <methcite>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Ralph, C.J., K.R. Hollinger, and R.I. Frey.</origin>
      <pubdate>2004</pubdate>
      <title>Redwood Sciences Laboratory and the Klamath Demographic Monitoring Network mist-netting station management procedures.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>Arcata, California</pubplace>
       <publish>U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Redwood Sciences Laboratory.</publish>
      </pubinfo>
      <othercit>Copies available from Klamath Bird Observatory, PO Box 758, Ashland, Oregon, 97520.</othercit>
     </citeinfo>
    </methcite>
    <methcite>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Hussell, D.J.T., and C.J. Ralph.</origin>
      <pubdate>1998</pubdate>
      <title>Recommended methods for monitoring bird populations by counting and capture of migrants.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <onlink>http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/topics/wildlife/birdmon/pif/migmon.shtml</onlink>
     </citeinfo>
    </methcite>
   </method>
   <method>
    <methtype>Field</methtype>
    <methodid>
     <methkt>None</methkt>
     <methkey>Rapid Ornithological Inventories</methkey>
    </methodid>
    <methdesc>
     Rapid Ornithological Inventories
     We have been involved with developing and testing a rapid ornithological inventory (ROI) protocol which is designed to quickly and effectively collect abundance and demographic data of birds in a limited area in a constrained amount of time (Ralph et al. 2004).  The inventory involves two days of intensive mist netting and surveying at a site.
    </methdesc>
    <methcite>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Ralph, C.J., K.R. Hollinger, and R.I. Frey.</origin>
      <pubdate>2004</pubdate>
      <title>Redwood Sciences Laboratory and the Klamath Demographic Monitoring Network mist-netting station management procedures.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>Arcata, California.</pubplace>
       <publish>U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Redwood Sciences Laboratory.</publish>
      </pubinfo>
      <othercit>Copies available from Klamath Bird Observatory, PO Box 758, Ashland, Oregon, 97520.</othercit>
     </citeinfo>
    </methcite>
   </method>
   <method>
    <methtype>Field</methtype>
    <methodid>
     <methkt>None</methkt>
     <methkey>Special Species Monitoring</methkey>
    </methodid>
    <methdesc>
     Special Species Monitoring 
     In concordance with the recommendations of the National PIF Inventory and Monitoring Working Group, we have established special species monitoring programs for birds that are inadequately monitored by other programs or methods (Altman and Bart 2001).  Our special species monitoring efforts include small owl capture and survey throughout the Klamath-Siskiyou Bioregion.
    </methdesc>
    <methcite>
     <citeinfo>
      <origin>Altman, B., and J. Bart.</origin>
      <pubdate>2001</pubdate>
      <title>Special species monitoring and assessment in Oregon and Washington: Landbird species not adequately monitored by the Breeding Bird Survey.</title>
      <geoform>document</geoform>
      <pubinfo>
       <pubplace>unknown</pubplace>
       <publish>Oregon - Washington Partners in Flight.</publish>
      </pubinfo>
      <onlink>http://www.orwapif.org/pdf/special_monitoring.pdf</onlink>
     </citeinfo>
    </methcite>
   </method>
   <procstep>
    <procdesc>No process steps have been described for this data set</procdesc>
    <procdate>Unknown</procdate>
   </procstep>
  </lineage>
 </dataqual>
 <spdoinfo>
  <direct>Point</direct>
 </spdoinfo>
 <spref>
  <horizsys>
   <geograph>
    <latres>0.00001</latres>
    <longres>0.001</longres>
    <geogunit>Decimal degrees</geogunit>
   </geograph>
  </horizsys>
 </spref>
 <eainfo>
  <overview>
   <eaover>Standard bird banding data include: band number, bird species, banding date, location, age, sex, and various measurements (wing, leg, weight, etc.).</eaover>
   <eadetcit>A complete description of data variables is available from the distributor.</eadetcit>
  </overview>
 </eainfo>
 <distinfo>
  <distrib>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntorgp>
     <cntorg>Avian Knowledge Network, Cornell Lab of Ornithology</cntorg>
    </cntorgp>
    <cntpos>Database Administrator</cntpos>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
     <address>159 Sapsucker Woods Rd.</address>
     <city>Ithaca</city>
     <state>NY</state>
     <postal>14850</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
   </cntinfo>
  </distrib>
  <resdesc>
   LaMNA - Klamath Bird Monitoring Network Banding Data
   Redwood Sciences Laboratory and Klamath Bird Observatory request that any use other than web-based visualizations posted by the AKN be first consulted with the contact persons listed above (C. John Ralph and John D. Alexander).
  </resdesc>
  <distliab>These data are made available through the Avian Knowledge Network, a National Science Foundation funded project of the Cornell Lab of Ornithology and Department of Computer Science at Cornell University. No warranty, expressed or implied, is made regarding the accuracy or utility of these data.</distliab>
  <stdorder>
   <digform>
    <digtinfo>
     <formname>website</formname>
    </digtinfo>
    <digtopt>
     <onlinopt>
      <computer>
       <networka>
        <networkr>http://www.avianknowledge.net/content/</networkr>
        <networkr>http://www.avianknowledge.net/content/datasets</networkr>
       </networka>
      </computer>
     </onlinopt>
    </digtopt>
   </digform>
   <fees>None</fees>
  </stdorder>
 </distinfo>
 <metainfo>
  <metd>20080604</metd>
  <metc>
   <cntinfo>
    <cntperp>
     <cntper>Jim Lowe</cntper>
     <cntorg>Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology</cntorg>
    </cntperp>
    <cntaddr>
     <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
     <address>159 Sapsucker Woods Road</address>
     <city>Ithaca</city>
     <state>NY</state>
     <postal>14850</postal>
     <country>USA</country>
    </cntaddr>
    <cntvoice>607-254-2413</cntvoice>
    <cntemail>JDL6@cornell.edu</cntemail>
    <cntinst>E-Mail is preferred</cntinst>
   </cntinfo>
  </metc>
  <metstdn>FGDC Biological Data Profile of the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
  <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001.1-1999</metstdv>
 </metainfo>
</metadata>

